{"id":118864,"date":"2023-10-11T08:54:20","date_gmt":"2023-10-11T07:54:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/?p=118864"},"modified":"2024-04-29T09:51:24","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T08:51:24","slug":"es-la-nulidad-automatica-en-los-supuestos-de-despido-durante-la-baja-medica-de-los-empleados","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/?p=118864","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfEs la nulidad autom\u00e1tica en los supuestos de despido durante la baja m\u00e9dica de los empleados?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; row_height_use_pixel=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;167824&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;163781&#8243;][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; row_height_use_pixel=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;fontsize-210105&#8243; text_uppercase=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;152552&#8243;]<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>An\u00e1lisis<\/strong><\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;308279&#8243; link_to=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.poderjudicial.es%2Fsearch%2FAN%2FopenDocument%2F730161a9d520b31ea0a8778d75e36f0d%2F20230314%20|target:_blank&#8221;][vc_icon position=&#8221;right&#8221; space_reduced=&#8221;yes&#8221; icon=&#8221;fa fa-link3&#8243; background_style=&#8221;fa-squared&#8221; size=&#8221;fa-3x&#8221; icon_automatic=&#8221;yes&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;zoom-in&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;986254&#8243; link=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fcuria.europa.eu%2Fjuris%2Fdocument%2Fdocument.jsf%3Ftext%3D%26docid%3D268793%26pageIndex%3D0%26doclang%3Des%26mode%3Dreq%26dir%3D%26occ%3Dfirst%26part%3D1%26cid%3D103776|target:_blank|rel:nofollow&#8221;][\/vc_icon][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;5\/6&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;162072&#8243;]Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Asturias, de 23 mayo 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.poderjudicial.es\/search\/AN\/openDocument\/28a34ec6c7f3a3d1a0a8778d75e36f0d\/20230619\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[rec. 598\/2023]<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;449530&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;148751&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; font_family=&#8221;font-339240&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;143397&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;175187&#8243;]Caso: La empresa despide a un Empleado con contrato temporal durante su baja m\u00e9dica. El Empleado interpone demanda de despido nulo alegando que el contrato temporal se celebr\u00f3 en fraude de ley (por falta de causa temporal para contratar) y que se encontraba de baja m\u00e9dica cuando se produjo el cese. El Juzgado de Primera Instancia da la raz\u00f3n parcialmente al trabajador declarando el despido improcedente por falta de causa temporal, pero no declara el despido nulo. Sin embargo, en apelaci\u00f3n, el TSJ de Asturias lo declara nulo.<\/p>\n<p>Observaciones: La fundamentaci\u00f3n jur\u00eddica para declarar la extinci\u00f3n como despido nulo se bas\u00f3 en los siguientes motivos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inexistencia de motivo directo o indirecto que fundamentara el despido del trabajador <\/strong>aparte del hecho de que se encontraba de <strong>baja por enfermedad<\/strong>: indicio indirecto de discriminaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>El <strong>contrato temporal fue declarado fraudulento por ausencia de causa temporal<\/strong> por lo que, como consecuencia, se convirti\u00f3 en indefinido.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Implicaciones: La Ley 15\/2022 establece una presunci\u00f3n indirecta de protecci\u00f3n frente al despido a favor de los trabajadores que se encuentren de baja por enfermedad. Desde el punto de vista jur\u00eddico, no se trata de una protecci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica, sino que la carga de la prueba para demostrar la existencia de causas ajenas a la baja debe recaer en la Empresa. Los Juzgados de lo Social y Tribunales Superiores de Justicia se encuentran actualmente divididos a la espera de que el Tribunal Supremo determine la doctrina definitiva a aplicar. En la pr\u00e1ctica, las empresas deben mitigar los riesgos legales redactando cartas de despido detalladas que justifiquen causas objetivas o disciplinarias concretas para fundamentar los despidos de trabajadores durante su baja laboral, rompiendo as\u00ed el nexo causal entre el cese y la baja m\u00e9dica.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Posici\u00f3n defensora de la discriminaci\u00f3n indirecta: un despido durante una baja laboral no es nulo de pleno derecho: STSJ Madrid 10 de mayo de 2023 (rec. 118\/2023); SJS Valladolid 31 de marzo de 2023 (rec. 634\/2022); SJS Vigo 15 de febrero de 2023 (rec. 573\/2022).<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Posici\u00f3n en defensa de la discriminaci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica y protecci\u00f3n de EE en baja laboral: SJS Pamplona 4 de abril de 2023 (rec. 738\/2022); SJS Burgos 27 de febrero de 2023 (rec. 758\/2022); SJS Granada 15 de febrero de 2023 (rec. 753\/2022).<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; row_height_use_pixel=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;167824&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":119001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novedades-doctrina"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/220"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=118864"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":119295,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118864\/revisions\/119295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/119001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=118864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=118864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.practicalaboral.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=118864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}